Here is a comparison of Turnaround Time and Waiting Time in CPU Scheduling in Operating System:
| Feature | Turnaround Time | Waiting Time |
|---|---|---|
| Definition | The total time it takes for a process to complete its execution from the time it was submitted to the system. | The amount of time a process spends waiting in the ready queue for the CPU to allocate resources to it. |
| Calculation | TAT = Completion Time - Arrival Time | WT = Turnaround Time - Burst Time |
| Purpose | Measure of how efficiently the operating system is using the CPU to process tasks. | Measure of how long a process has to wait in the ready queue to get CPU resources. |
| Unit of Measurement | Time (e.g., seconds) | Time (e.g., seconds) |
| Considerations | TAT takes into account the entire life cycle of a process, including wait time and execution time. | WT only considers the time spent waiting in the ready queue. |
| Affected by | Scheduling algorithms, process priority, system load, I/O operations, context switching, etc. | Scheduling algorithms, process priority, system load, number of processes in the ready queue, etc. |
| Comparison with other processes | Can be compared between processes to determine which processes take longer to complete. | Can be compared between processes to determine which processes spend more time waiting in the queue. |
| Optimization | Optimizing TAT requires finding a balance between efficient CPU utilization and short wait times. | Optimizing WT requires finding a scheduling algorithm that reduces wait time in the ready queue. |
| Performance Metric | High TAT indicates poor performance, low TAT indicates efficient performance. | High WT indicates poor performance, low WT indicates efficient performance. |
| Role in CPU Scheduling | TAT is an important metric used to evaluate the performance of CPU scheduling algorithms. | WT is an important metric used to evaluate the performance of CPU scheduling algorithms and the efficiency of resource allocation. |
| User Perception | TAT directly impacts the user's experience, as the user has to wait for the process to complete. | WT directly impacts the user's experience, as the user has to wait for the process to start executing. |
| Importance in Real-Time Systems | In real-time systems, TAT must be predictable and within the required deadline to meet critical constraints. | In real-time systems, WT must be minimized to ensure that the process is executed within its deadline. |
| Impact on Resource Utilization | High TAT can result in poor utilization of CPU and other system resources. | High WT can result in poor utilization of CPU and other system resources. |
| Significance in Multi-Tasking Environment | In a multi-tasking environment, TAT must be optimized to ensure that multiple processes can be executed efficiently and in a timely manner. | In a multi-tasking environment, WT must be minimized to ensure that the CPU is used effectively and efficiently. |
